Fixed-lens 4MP security cameras use a set focal length and field of view, while varifocal cameras let installers adjust the focal length to fine-tune the viewing area after installation. Dome, bullet, and turret describe the camera housing: domes offer a compact, low-profile design, bullets provide a directional form factor, and turrets support flexible positioning in a compact housing.

Many 4MP security cameras support Power over Ethernet (PoE), while select models support Wi-Fi for wireless network connectivity. PoE can simplify installation by carrying power and video over one Ethernet cable, while Wi-Fi can suit locations where running network cable is less practical.

Many 4MP security cameras connect to an NVR through Power over Ethernet (PoE) and support ONVIF for integration with compatible recording systems. Depending on the model, they may also use local microSD card storage, Wi-Fi connectivity, or integration with a compatible smart home platform for viewing and management.

For low-light scenes, compare the image sensor, IR night vision range, and whether the camera offers color-at-night imaging with supplemental white LEDs; for changing light levels, look for true or digital wide dynamic range (WDR). For outdoor installations, check the camera’s IP ingress-protection rating, along with its dome, bullet, or turret form factor and available power or network connection.