IR surveillance cameras use built-in infrared LEDs to illuminate the viewing area with light that people typically cannot see, while the image sensor records the reflected infrared light. Many models automatically switch to a low-light or black-and-white view at night, and features such as wide dynamic range can help balance bright and shadowed areas.

Fixed-lens IR surveillance cameras use a preset focal length and field of view, which can simplify placement when the coverage area is known. Varifocal IR surveillance cameras allow installers to adjust the focal length and zoom, with some models offering motorized adjustment and autofocus to help fine-tune coverage and detail after installation.

IR surveillance cameras are available with wired IP networking over Ethernet, with Power over Ethernet (PoE) support on many models, while select cameras support 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi connectivity. Storage options include local microSD cards, with supported capacities reaching up to 512 GB on many models, or recording through a compatible multi-channel network video recorder (NVR).

Choose an IR night vision range that extends beyond the distance you need to monitor, while accounting for scene conditions such as lighting, weather, reflective surfaces, and obstructions. Select resolution based on the detail required, with 4MP supporting many general monitoring applications and 8MP providing more image detail for wider views or areas where identification matters, while a varifocal lens can help adjust coverage during installation.